Editorial: Mothers Are Important!

Needs Assessment Competencies: Are They Important for Extension Educators?

The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of eleven professional competencies related to needs assessment and program development; a secondary purpose was to identify the best time these competencies should be learned. The study followed a survey research design, in which 441 randomly selected extension educators in the North Central Region of the United States responded to a qu...

Are Abnormal Yolk Sac Characteristics Important Factors in Abortion Rates?

The Intergenerational Transmission of Schooling – Are Mothers Really Less Important than Fathers?

There is a “puzzle” in the literature on the intergenerational transmission of schooling, where twin studies emphasize the importance of fathers’ schooling, whereas IV-studies often emphasize the importance of mothers. We provide new evidence on this “puzzle” using register based Swedish data on the largest sample of twins used so far in the literature. In contrast to previous twin studies, our...

Swimming upstream: why sanitation, hygiene and water are so important to mothers and their daughters.

So many things impact the health and well-being of women as they navigate their childbearing years. The most under-recognized of these are water, sanitation and hygiene, yet the benefits of these basic interventions are extensive and self perpetuating, impacting women and their daughters from generation to generation. Let us start with a pregnant woman. She is likely to have to collect and carr...

Editorial: All 3 Types of Glial Cells Are Important for Memory Formation

This editorial review of the research topic describes effects of the glial cells astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes on memory. This includes their interactions with themselves and with neurons, and changes in their histology, physiology, and metabolism observed during learning. ASTROCYTES As described in Scheller and Kirchhoff astrocytes express receptors for many transmitters, includin...